Liputan6.com, Bantaeng - Ini kelanjutan kisah pernikahan dini. RS yang masih 12 tahun dan baru lulus SD, tetap pada pendiriannya, nekad menikahi gadis kelas XI sebuah Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan di Bantaeng Sulwesi Tenggara. Jadi pasangan sah suami istri tentu butuh kesungguhan. Itulah sebabnya, keduanya memilih berhenti sekolah.
RS mengaku mantap berhenti sekolah karena ingin fokus bertanggungjawab dan mencari nafkah untuk keluarga barunya. Menilik usianya, ia harusnya masih duduk di bangku Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP).
"Saya mau bertani saja. Bertani bawang, kentang dan lain-lain. Saya mau berhenti sekolah," kata RS, Jumat, 31 Agustus 2018.
Keputusan serupa juga diambil oleh MA. Istri RS ini mengaku ingin berbakti kepada sang suami. Ia pun memilih putus sekolah. Saat ini ia masih kelas XI Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK). Menurutnya, pernikahan dini ini, sudah menjadi keputusan tepat baginya.
"Saya juga tidak lanjut sekolah, mau fokus urus rumah tangga saja," kata MA.
Pernikahan dini keduanya tak akan terjadi jika tak mendapat dukungan orang tua. Daeng Pudding, ayah MA mengaku menikahkan anaknya karena diminta sang anak. Baginya kebahagiaan sang anak adalah yang utama. Salah satunya memenuhi permintaannya.
"Dia sendiri yang minta, mungkin memang sudah jodoh," kata Daeng Pudding.
Tak jauh berbeda, Salaming, ayah RS merestui pernikahan keduanya, justru karena kekhawatiran dinamika pergaulan anak muda.
"Dari pada terjadi hal yang tidak-tidak, mending kita kasih kawin saja," kata Salaming.
Orang tua mereka tak mempersoalkan pernikahan dini itu.
Kehadiran Negara
Sementara itu, negara sebenarnya ikut hadir dalam urusan itu. Kabid Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak (PPPA) Dinas PMDPPPA Bantaeng, Syamsuniar Malik mengungkapkan bahwa kasus pernikahan dini ini, pernah ia tangani empat bulan lalu.
"Kami sudah tangani, dasarnya laporan dari masyarakat. Kami langsung temui orang tua masing-masing," kata Syamsuniar.
Ditambahkan, orang tua dua pasangan yang sedang dimabuk asmara itu berjanji untuk menunda pernikahan anak mereka. Penundaan hingga tamat Sekolah Menengah Atas.
"Ortunya saat itu berjanji untuk menunda pernikahan," katanya.
Syamsuniar mengaku kaget ketika mendengar informasi pernikahan RS dan MA. Apalagi pernikahan mereka tanpa sepengetahuan pemerintah setempat, termasuk KUA dan Kelurahan.
"Mereka nikah, tanpa melaporkan ke KUA. Mereka tahu bahwa pernikahan itu akan ditolak, makanya ambil jalan pintas," kata Syamsuniar.
Pernikahan sudah terjadi. Dinas PMDPPPA Bantaeng mengaku tak akan larut mempermasalahkan hal itu. Dia mengaku akan fokus mendampingi dua sejoli yang masih dibawah umur itu.
"Tetap kita lakukan pendampingan. Masalah pendidikan, kesehatan dan perlindungannya. Tentu bekerjasama dengan OPD terkait seperti Dinkes, Dikbud, Dinas KB, Kemenag, Apuspaga, dan lain sebagainya," kata Syamsuniar.
A group of analysts has built up a potential new treatment that may work in two particular approaches to assault tumors, as indicated by discoveries from another investigation.
The potential treatment focuses on a protein called TNFR2. This protein is available at lifted levels on numerous tumor cells and additionally on a sort of invulnerable cell that can keep a malignancy patient's safe framework from assaulting tumors.
Utilizing recently made TNFR2-focusing on antibodies they built up, the analysts demonstrated that the antibodies could slaughter ovarian growth cells that express TNFR2, and the safe cells that stifle the resistant reaction to tumors, called administrative T cells or T-reg cells.
Critically, clarified the examination's lead examiner, Denise Faustman, M.D., Ph.D., of Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, T-reg cells gathered from the tumor site in ladies with ovarian disease were more touchy to the antibodies than T-reg cells from the blood of sound benefactors. This is likewise the main investigation to distinguish TNFR2 as an oncogene in ovarian malignancy, she included.
"This means we might have the capacity to focus on the tumor and just the 'terrible' host T cells that are stifling the safe reaction. We ought to subsequently have the capacity to all the more totally protect the general resistant framework," Dr. Faustman said.
The group's discoveries were distributed January 17 in Science Signaling.
Solving two problems at once
Specialists have known for quite a while that T-reg cells in the tumor microenvironment—the ordinary cells, atoms, and veins that encompass and feed tumor cells—express elevated amounts of TNFR2, Dr. Faustman said. TNFR2 is likewise present on some different sorts of resistant cells that assistance tumors sidestep an invulnerable reaction.
All the more as of late, Dr. Faustman's group discovered that ovarian disease cells abnormally express TNFR2 and that enactment of this receptor advances tumor cell development.
Other late examinations have indicated abnormal articulation of TNFR2 on a variety of tumor cell composes, "as an assumed oncogene," she stated, including colon and kidney disease, numerous myeloma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and a sort of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
These discoveries propose that TNFR2 could be an imperative focus for tumor treatments, composed Xin Chen, M.D., Ph.D., and Joost Oppenheim, M.D., of NCI's Center for Cancer Research (CCR) in a discourse on the new investigation. Blocking TNFR2 "may have the impact of taking out two targets with one shot: boosting antitumor invulnerable reactions and straightforwardly slaughtering tumor cells," they composed.
More Potent Killing of Tumor Site T-Reg Cells
The two TNFR2 antibodies created by Dr. Faustman's group are "hostile" antibodies: they join to TNFR2 and secure the receptor a latent state.
Typically, TNFR2 is initiated when it hooks on to tumor rot factor (TNF), a substance created by some white platelets. Initiation triggers motions inside the cell that reason cells to partition and increment in number (multiply).
The scientists found that the adversarial TNFR2 antibodies disposed of T-reg cells from blood tests of solid givers by keeping the cells from being initiated and multiplying, even within the sight of high groupings of TNF. The antibodies don't specifically slaughter T-reg cells but instead, the phones pass on after their multiplication is stopped, Dr. Faustman clarified.
The group at that point demonstrated that the TNFR2 antibodies all the more intensely executed T-reg cells confined from liquid encompassing metastatic ovarian malignancy tumor destinations than T-reg cells from sound blood contributors. The hostile antibodies additionally straightforwardly slaughtered cells from a research facility developed ovarian disease cell line that communicates TNFR2 on the cell surface.
These discoveries, said Dr. Faustman, propose that "we would now be able to specifically focus on the T-reg cells that express TNFR2 and are discovered prevalently in the tumor microenvironment." And albeit different individuals from the TNF receptor family are found on a wide range of cell composes in the body, she stated, "the excellence of TNFR2 is that it's communicated at abnormal states in the tumor and the tumor condition however is scarcely communicated anyplace else in the body."
Subsequently, antibodies that square TNFR2 might be more particular and less harmful than antibodies that square other TNF receptors or antibodies that go about as invulnerable checkpoint inhibitors and are now used to treat malignancy.
"For quite a long time, individuals have endeavored to figure out how to specifically kill the awful T cells at the tumor site, and this is the primary showing" this might be conceivable, said Dr. Faustman.
Guarantee as Cancer Therapies
The work by Dr. Faustman and partners "obviously demonstrates that TNFR2 rivals have guarantee as malignancy treatments," composed Drs. Chen and Oppenheim.
"To accomplish an ideal antitumor impact, the TNFR2 opponent may must be utilized as a part of conjunction with different therapeutics," they proceeded. "TNFR2 enemies have the ability to dispose of T-reg movement and consequently may additionally upgrade the adequacy of current immunotherapeutics. Furthermore, concealment of tumor cell survival by the TNFR2 opponent may enhance the result of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in malignancy patients."
"We're around 2 years from the center," Dr. Faustman said. "Our essential objectives are to demonstrate the adequacy of these antibodies in crisp human tumor tests and make sense of how to outline the best clinical preliminary."